Biblical Greek - Lesson 36

Dr. Bill Mounce
Biblical Greek
nt201-36
ἵστημι, τίθημι, δείκνυμι and Odds 'n Ends
Lesson Transcript

[00:00:00] Well, welcome to chapter 35. You made it. Now, in chapter 34. We concentrated on dinner, me, and we concentrated on just the indicative of dinner. Me What we're going to look at in chapter 35. Are the other categories of me. Verbs. You'll see there's very little to learn. And then we're going to look at some of the other forms, some of the other not indicative forms of ditto me. So we're going to kind of piecemeal pick up the rest of the somatic conjugation. Me Verbs are categorized on the basis of the final stem vowel, just like contract verbs. And so what we've looked at are ama cron class me verbs, diddle me diddle diddle si, that kind of stuff. What you're going to find is that the me verbs in the other classes behave just like ditto me does, except for the differences of the vowel. Go one column to the left and look at to say me. To say me is a representative me verb of me. Verbs whose roots end in an epsilon da goes to diddle goes to did or me in in the same way there goes to tit the goes to to say me. I glossed over one little difference. Instead of it being sit there and you can hear the necessary pause to say this. Which is what the Greeks don't like to do. They take the duplicated theta and turn it into a tal. They d'esprit. It is a technical term. So this goes to Tisei. Now that's just a characteristic of stems, beginning with the theta. But you can see, first of all, that teeth Amy is formed from its root pretty much the same way that did Amy is formed from its root. Can you see that you have the added difference that instead of being there with two ish, the first theta goes to a Tao.

[00:02:10] But you just learn that and go on. All right. So where you have did those you get to face? Can you see that's the same thing. You have the lengthened root vowel. Where. And to me it's an armor crown going to an Omega. On Thursday, the Epsilon is going to an ADA, but it's the same thing that's happening to North Face. So if he were to see that, you would see the theta long vowel, you would see the re duplicated with the Tao in the iota. That tells you it's the present tense system and you have the sigma which tells you it's second person singular to say C. Same thing that you have would did or C, right. It's really important that you see it's the same thing that's happening. Otherwise you have to just memorize these things and they're a pain in the neck. Okay. Go all the way over to the left hand column. This again, It's the same thing with a twist. Maybe that's what I should call this chapter. Same thing with the twist. You have the root star. Now the twist is that when the sigma gets re duplicated system, the Greeks don't like to be duplicated sigma and so they swap it with a rough breathing. And so Star goes to his stay. So in a sense, think of that rough breathing as we duplicated Sygma guess what? The rough breathing isn't there. In the other tenses, at least in some of the other tenses, because the rough breathing represents to be duplicated sigma. But again, that's just a peculiarity of the of the root star. But alpha me verbs in and of themselves are pretty straightforward. You have stay me stays Stacey but the re duplication and the rough breathing and all that you get his stay me his days.

[00:04:05] His Stacey. So what you can do on these words is you can go through the rows and see the same thing happening with a little extra twist. The re duplicated sigma goes to a rough reading. The re duplicated theta goes to a tile. Other than that, it's the same thing. And then you can go vertically down the columns and see the same things happening. The economy is the only me verb that you're going to learn. That's a me verb with an epsilon, but it's a it's in the process of wanting to become a somatic verb. In fact, all the me verbs are in the process of shifting over to the regular somatic conjugation, which has some interesting results in the New Testament date. NUMMI is a long way there. In other words, there's no duplication. It has though the same endings. Make new me date, new A's date new C, but there's no re duplication just peculiarity of this particular word. So let me summarize. In his day. Me you had to be duplicated segment becoming a rough breathing in to say Me you have to be duplicated theta becoming a towel and intake new Me You have a verb trying to change his conjugation. Other than that, they're perfectly regular. All right. But it really is. That's how you have to look at these things and what happens and digital me is happening in all the other verbs. The only difference being there's a different stem vowel. Let's look at the plurals. Just so you can see the same thing going on. We've learned. Did women did it. Da da. See, with a new movable. Okay. Swap the door for a thicker. Diaspora to be duplicated. SATA and you get TSM in ticket to AC.

[00:05:59] Same things happening. If you go to the Alpha column, his stem in his start, his star see? Same thing. And then Drake knew me as Drake Newman take knew to take new. I see. See what's going on in these words. If you get did a me firmly in your head if you know the roots of the other me verbs and if you know the peculiarities of a few of those me verbs, then the me verb system falls into place. If you can't see what's happening, you're going to be consigned to simply memorizing these things, which means you'll probably never really learn them unless you teach Greek. Now, let me say one of the things you really need to do with Chapter 35 is read it, start to process it, and then go to the back of the textbook where all the verb paradigms are and just start browsing through the paradigms. Because I'm not exposing you to everything in the paradigms, but if you understand what we've covered, then as you see what these verbs look like in their different forms, they're going to make sense to you. And I can't take the time and class to browse through the paradigms, but you really need to do that. You need to spend the time and asking yourself, If I saw that form, would I recognize it? Okay. We're not asking you. At least I'm not asking you to be able to duplicate these paradigms. But you do need to be able to recognize them. And if you know how many verbs are put together, that's not a big deal. If you came across Dedeaux, what do you know about it? Even if you don't know anything else. But what do you know about that? Well, it has to be a present, doesn't it? Because you have the duplication with the new Yoda and then you have your root.

[00:07:53] And the root is this It ends in this long omega, but you know that it's not a first person singular, present, active, indicative, because that's the lexical form and this is the me verb. So this is a subjunctive. So I think a can be. Now, these are just just to kind of give you a feel for the kind of paradigms you're going to see. Diddle, diddle, diddle, diddle, diddle, diddle. See? Those have to be subjunctive. They can't be anything else. We duplication with in Yoda you're in the present tense system and you have the long vowels swallowing up everything. So the endings look a little different. You're used to an ADA, aren't you? In the second person singular in the subjunctive. Right. Oh, Ace with the nearest subscript. A with the nearer subscript. Right. Well, here, the Omega just swallowed up everything. But if you saw double dose, though, what is it? See why you have to know the roots. You're not much there to hang on to. Well, if you can see that it's a delta and an old class vowel, you know that you have the root of vitamin. You see this? No re duplication. So you're out of the present tense system, and then you see that there's no augment. So, you know, you're out of the indicative system. That has to be an arrest. Subjunctive. This is the kind of thing that you have to go through on these paradigms. And there's no substitute at this point for time. You just have to spend the time going through them. Okay. Let's play a little bit of a guessing game. See how these things fit together to sit. Tell me what you know. It has to be a present tense system. Duplication within Yoda.

[00:09:42] Second person, plural. That's right. So present. Active, indicative. Second person. Plural. From to say me. You put or you place. His stock tie has to be a present because you're the Yoda with the rough breathing. That's the duplicated form of the root star. Third singular. See why you have to know your basic paradigm so well. So what is it? Mental. Passive. It did do. These are getting a little complicated. So if you're struggling, that's okay. Because you have a present stem, don't you? Because you have the re duplication, but you also have you have an augment. So when do you have an argument with the present tense stem? Imperfect, Right. Then all you have to do is figure out what crazy kind of combination. How do you get an arm, a crown? Oops. One when the first vowel is an arm across? Well, there's two ways to contract to get on the crown hoops. One right. It's on Macron arm. Macron or on Macron Epsilon. So the question is, when do you have you never have that. You never have the Macron by itself, but you do have Epsilon as an ending. So the question is, when do you have epsilon as an ending go through your imperfect paradigm? L1 l2 s L2. Yeah, right. So the epsilon is what is used for the third singular in the imperfect. When you get way down into the heart of things, there's some real mystery in the morphology in Greek and what happens in some of the formations, like with contract verbs and evidently with me is that the some of these other things are formed as if the true endings were all A's A In the present on S Yeah, in the imperfect. Now we know that that epsilon is in fact a connecting vowel.

[00:11:42] There's no question about it. But when it comes to me, verb is behaving as if it's the personal ending. See, y you have to be able to put these things together. If you're feeling tentative, that's okay. I mean, this is about as hard as it gets, all right? I mean, I chose hard forms on purpose. Hey, congratulations. I know it's been a long, hard class. That's just the nature of languages. And you all have done really well. So congratulations.