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Renunciation of The Devil

From early times a formal renunciation of the devil accompanied the Christian's confession of faith at baptism. In the Apostolic Tradition of Hippolytus (c.215) the form is: “I renounce thee, Satan, and all thy service and all thy works” (xxi.9). Later in the West, the renunciation took the form of response to an interrogation. At Jerusalem in the fourth century, the renunciation was recited facing west, and likewise the baptismal creed facing east, and the turning thus became a symbol of conversion. This practice spread widely in the church, and a relic of it remains in turning east for the creed.