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James Laynez

iago OR Diego Lainez) (1512-1565. Spanish Jesuit theologian and leader in the Catholic Reformation. Born at Almazán in Castile, he graduated in philosophy at Alcalá in 1532, then after studying theology for a year moved to the University of Paris, joining Ignatius of Loyola.* He was one of the six who took vows at Montmartre in 1534, thus forming the nascent Society of Jesus. The group moved to Italy, where Laynez spent his remaining life as a powerful counter-Protestant preacher and philosophy-theology teacher. He was a leader of the Jesuits, becoming provincial in Italy (1552), vicar general when Ignatius died (1556), and second general (1558). The leading papal theologian at the Council of Trent, he decisively shaped the uncompromising canons on justification, the sacraments, purgatory, and papal absolutism. He died in Rome.