Historical Overview
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Lesson
Historical context is vital when one moves to reading the prophets. After Solomon’s death in 931 BCE, the kingdom of Israel undergoes an extended period of civil war as rivaling leaders take control of the northern and southern regions of the kingdom. Unfortunately, this split eventually becomes permanent. In the north the kings reigned for short periods and when compared with the southern kingdom of Judah this shows a tremendous amount of upheaval. This may have to do with the fact that the north is never ruled by a descendant of David. In addition, the north fails to worship at the Jerusalem temple, and decides instead to worship idols.
Outline
Judah: Historical Overview
I. The Divided Monarchy
A. A civil war never resolved
B. 40 kings - 20 north and 20 south
C. No decent northern kings, 8 decent southern kings
D. Increasing apostasy
E. Rise of classical prophecy
F. Heterodox south and north
G. One single orthodox prophet
II. What are the "high places"?
III. Syro-Ephraimite War - 2 Kings 16
A. Tiglath-Pileser's conquests in Syria-Palestine
B. Anti-Assyrian alliance
C. Ahaz refuses to join alliance
D. Syria and Israel attack Judah
E. Judah appeals to Assyria
F. Israel attacked by Assyria and Judah
G. Israel reduced to rump state
IV. Isaiah 9
V. Emphases in Chronicles
A. The Temple
B. The South
C. The Monarchy
D. Theocracy
E. The Priesthood
F. Proper worship
G. Lineages
H. Reconstitute around the temple
I. Judean restoration
J. Faith and hope of God's reward
