Ortlieb of Strassburg

Early thirteenth-century leader of the Ortlibarii, an ascetic, heretical sect known also as the Ortlibenses and Ortlibians. He taught abstention from material things and guidance by one's inner spirit. Identifying pope and church with the apocalyptic harlot, his followers rejected ecclesiastical authority and necessity of the sacraments. Heretical on the doctrines of creation, resurrection, incarnation, and the Trinity, they were condemned by Innocent III. Their historical obscurity is attested by historians associating them with such varying groups as Waldensians, Cathari, Brethren of the Free Spirit, and Amalricians. The movement was seemingly short-lived and is best described in the so-called Passau Anonymous.