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Karl Immanuel Nitzsch

1787-1868. German Lutheran theologian. Son of a general superintendent of the Lutheran Church and professor at Wittenberg, he was educated at Schulpforta and Wittenberg. He became a privatdozent in Wittenberg in 1810 and assistant preacher at the Castle Church in 1811. In 1822 he was called to a chair in theology at the University of Bonn and in 1847 succeeded P.K. Marheineke as professor of theology at the University of Berlin. As provost of the Nicolaikirche (1854) and a member of the supreme church council of the Prussian Evangelical Church, Nitzsch was a vigorous and articulate supporter of the Evangelical Union. As a theologian he represented the ecclesiastical-pietistic wing of the Vermittlungstheologie, a movement which sought to mediate between the culture of the early nineteenth century and the tradition of historical Christianity. He stressed the immediacy of religious feeling as the basis of religious knowledge, uniting elements of Schleiermacher's* theology with classical Protestant dogmatics. His chief works include the System der christlichen Lehre (1829) and his System der praktischen Theologie (1847-67). He was a co-founder of three theological journals: Theologische Studien and Kritiken (1828), the Bonner Monatschrift, and the Deutsche Zeitschrift für christliche Wissenschaft und christliches Leben (1850).