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Albert Rizaeus Hardenberg

1510-1574. German Reformer. Born at Emden in East Friesland, his early education was at the school of the Brethren of the Common Life in Groningen, where he became an admirer of Wessel Gansfort.* As a student at Louvain he aroused suspicion by his humanistic- evangelical leanings. While gaining a doctorate at Mainz he came into contact with the Polish Calvinist Jan Laski* (John à Lasco). After briefly teaching at Louvain, he returned to the Groningen area, keeping in touch with Laski and Melanchthon. After a visit to Wittenberg he became actively involved in the Reformation. In 1544 he went to Cologne, aiding Archbishop Hermann von Wied in his short-lived attempt to reform the Catholic Church there. After appearing at the Diets of Speyer and Worms (1544, 1545) he became military chaplain to the count of Oldenburg, and was wounded in battle. The count made him the first evangelical preacher at the cathedral in Bremen. Expelled from Bremen for Calvinistic views of the Eucharist, Hardenberg later became pastor of a Calvinist church in his birthplace of Emden. He edited for publication the works of Wessel Gansfort.